East Tennessee Slaves Named in the 1860 Census

The 1860 U.S. Federal Census - Slave Schedules (Schedule 2) for Washington County, Tennessee contains 953 slave entries, including age, gender, race (black or mulatto), owner and location. It appears that many of these slaves were included by name (given name and master's surname) in the households of their owners on the regular census form. Those entries were then crossed out and notations added moving the entries to the Slave Schedules. 

1860 Census listing for Thomas C. McAdams, Washington County, TN

1860 Slave Schedule for Thomas McAdams, Washington County, TN

For example, the household of Thomas C. McAdams (Household 1144, Campbells District, Washington, TN) includes Sarah McAdams, aged 24, and Martha E. McAdams, aged 3.  Both were listed as black and born in Tennessee.  They were then crossed out and a faint notation made "Sched 2" which refers to the Slave Schedule, which does show McAdams with two female slaves, one aged 24 and one aged 3.  


Though I've known about the McAdams slave listing for sometime, I only recently noticed similar entries on other pages throughout the 1860 Washington County Census.  I planned to record those entries on my Slaves referenced in family research page at WeRelate.org until I realized that most, if not all, the slaveowners listed on the Slave Schedule near to McAdams also had their slaves enumerated in the Census and the numbers were far beyond my list capacity.  


If the double listings occurred throughout the county census a more detailed study should be done.  So, a new item for my "To Do" list.  I will examine the census and Slave Schedule carefully to see how many slaves were listed in both.  It would be interesting to compare the names in the 1860 Census to those in the 1870 Census following Emancipation.  Not sure I'll get to that in the near future, but I should be able to do a preliminary survey this summer.  

Making census of the Hamptons 1850 Washington County, TN

Hampton Census Analysis Part II

In 1850 there were 12 Hampton heads of household in Washington County. Additionally, 6 Hamptons are recorded as members of other households.
Family # Name Head of household Born Occupation Value of RE Place of Birth

858 And Hampton x 1832 farmer NC
889 R Jesse Hampton x 1790 farmer TN
890 R Wm Hampton 1828 trainer TN
890 R Robt Hampton 1827 trainer TN
1000 John Hampton x 1797 farmer NC
1167 R Wade Hampton x 1818 farmer 1140 TN
1264 Wm Hampton x 1786 Hammermaker (?) NC
1270 Thos Hampton x 1820 Hammermaker (?) NC
1282 Russa Hampton x 1811 TN
1345 John Hampton x 1825 train 300 NC
1407 David Hampton x 1825 farmer NC
1431 W Wm Hampton x 1826 shoemaker SC
1676 R Nancy Hampton 1788 TN
2100 Jeremiah Hampton x 1811 farmer TN
2111 R Hiram Hampton x 1811 farmer 1300 TN

The Robert family includes his son Jesse (#889), Jesse’s sons William and Robert (#890), Robert’s daughter-in-law Nancy (#1676, widow of Robert, Jr. who died before 1850) and her sons Wade (#1167) and Hiram (#2111). These relationships are established by estate and property transactions following the death of the younger Robert.

Winny/Winey is probably enumerated as Vienna Hampton in the household of Wm Hampton (#1431). Supporting this is the fact that Peleg Rigsby, who married Eliz. Hampton, was enumerated next to Winny Hampton in 1840. In 1850 they are still nearby (#1397). In 1860 this William and his family are enumerated in Claiborne County, TN. Living nearby are Peleg Rigsby and Isaac Tapp, who married another Hampton female. Winey/Winny/Vienna is no longer listed. It should also be noted that William Hampton’s occupation is recorded as shoemaker. Years earlier, in 1794 a James Hampson was bound out to an Alex McKee learn shoemaking. This James may have been related to William Hampson, whose estate was inventoried in 1793.

It is unclear who the hammermaker Hamptons are. Though indexed as Hamilton, I read their names as Hampton. They may be related to the Thomas or William who were listed in 1840, though the Williams are clearly not the same men. There was a Col. Wm. Hampton enumerated in 1830 Wilkes, NC census who was the same age as this William.

It is also unclear who And Hampton (#858) and David Hampton (#1407) are. An Andrew Hampton, age 18 and a tanner appears on the 1850 mortality list.

The Jeremiah Hampton family (#2100) was enumerated in Gilmer County, GA in 1860. This apparently the Jeremiah who married Sela Laws in 1829 in Wilkes County, NC. He may be the Jeremiah enumerated in the 1830 Jefferson County, TN census.

One further relationship becomes clear when comparing the 1850 and 1860 census data. The John Hampton families #1000 and #1345 are living next door to each other in Cocke County in 1860.

What is clear is that many of these Hamptons have links to the Laws family, to Carter and Cocke Counties in TN and to Wilkes County in NC.  What is still not clear is how - or if - the Robert and Winny Hampton families found in 1830 relate to the new families found in 1850.  Sigh...

Making census of the Hamptons 1830-1840

As part of my ongoing effort to sort through the Hamptons of Washington County, TN I have compared census information, marriage and estate records.  The census records were examined online using Ancestry.com.

There are at least two, possibly three, distinct Hampton families recorded in the 1830 Washington County, TN census.  It is unknown what, if any relationship they have to the earlier Hamptons in Cocke County, Hosea and Job or the Hamptons found in Carter County.  Jesse and Robert Hampton were brothers, sons of the Robert Hampton whose will was recorded in 1796.  Winey Hampton was a female head of household with two males under 10, and four females 5-20. Additionally, Isaac Mulkey and Samuel Bayless had Hampton wives whose parentage is unknown.  Mulkey and Bayless were, however, closely associated with the family of Robert Hampton.   

In 1840 Robert appeared again.  His brother was not enumerated, but his son Hiram was listed as a head of household.

Winny Hampton was enumerated with one male, 15-20 and one female, 15-20.  She lost 3 females of marriageable age.  Existing marriage records for Washington County list four Hampton brides during the 1830s.  Elizabeth Hampton Duncan was a daughter of Robert Hampton.  Mary Hampton Cunningham was a daughter of John (another son of the Robert who left a will in 1796) and Anna Bayless Hampton according to information received from one of her descendants.  The other two are possible daughters of Winny Hampton. 

Washington County Hampton brides for 1830s

1832	Hampton, Mary	Cunningham, John
1833	Hampton, Elizabeth	Duncan, John
1833	Hampton, Elizabeth	Rigsby, Peleg
1833	Hampton, M	Tapp, Isaac

William L Hampton was enumerated.  He was 30-40 years old, too young to be another son of 1796 Robert.  It is unclear how or if he is related to the Robert or Winny families. He may, however be the William L Hampton enumerated in Carter County in 1830.  That William (aged 20-30) was listed with households headed by Thomas Hampton, Lucinda Laws, Mary Hampton and Elizabeth Laws.

Anna Hampton was enumerated, age 30-40, with three children.  It is unclear how of if she is related to the Robert or Winny families.  But she is probably the woman enumerated in 1850 as Ann Hutchings, w/ John b. Hampton living there.  Wash Co. Marriages record a Hampton/Hutchins marriage.

Thomas Hampton was enumerated, age 20-30, a single man living in what may have been a school, hotel or boarding house.  It is unclear how or if he is related to the Robert or Winny families.   He is too young to have been the Thomas enumerated next to William L. Hampton (above) in the 1830 Carter County census.